Voltage Gain Enhancement for Step-Up Converter Constructed by KY and Buck-Boost Converters

SIMULATION

DESIGN

• POWER =60W
• V_IN=12V 
•  V_OUT=72V

·        L_m =148μH, L_k = 0.3μH
·        the turns ratio of coupled inductor n = N_s/N_p =3
·        OPERATING FREQUENCY OF THE SWITCH (MOSFET HERE) =100KHz
·        Gain formula of converter = ( (2-D) / (1−D) )+n
OUTPUT CURRENT
I_OUT = P_OUT / V_OUT
I_OUT = 60W / 72V
I_OUT = 0.833A
INPUT CURRENT
Assume that the converter efficiency is about 100%
P_OUT = P_IN
I_OUT = P_IN / V_IN
I_OUT = 60W / 12V
I_OUT = 5A
VOLTAGE GAIN CALCULATION
 Gain = V_OUT  / V_IN
V_IN = 12V 
 V_OUT = 72V
Gain = 72V /  12V 
Gain = 6
DUTY CYCLE CALCULATION
Voltage  gain of converter = ( (2-D) / (1−D) )+n
6 = ( (2-D) / (1−D) )+3
3 = (2-D) / (1−D)
3(1−D) = 2-D
3−3D = 2-D
3−3D = 2-D
1= 2D
D = 0.5
D = 50%
Coupling coefficient calculation
We have,
The coupling coefficient of coupled inductor, k = L_m / (L_m + L_k)
L_m =148μH, L_k = 0.3μH
K = 148μH / (148μH + 0.3μH) = 0.997
COUPLED INDUCTOR DESIGN
Here core used is etd-59.From the datasheet of ETD-59 core
A_L=4.7uH
We have,
Mutual inductance = k √L_P * L_{S =} 148μH
In paper winding ratio is given about 1:3
Let N be No. of turns in primary and 3N be No. of turns in secondary
L_P=N²A_L
L_S = (3N)²A_L
L_S=9N²A_L
M = k√9N²A_L * N²A_L
M =  k  √9N⁴  * A_L²
M= k * 3N²  * A_L
148μH =.997 *3 N²  *4.7uH
148μH =14.05 uH * N²
N² = 148μH  / 14.05 uH
 N² = 10.53
N=3.24 =3
No. of turns in primary = 3
No. of turns in secondary =3N =3* 3
No. of turns in secondary = 9
L_P= N_P²  * A_L
L_P= 9* 4.7 uH
L_P= 42.3 uH
L_S= N_S²  * A_L
L_S= 9²  * 4.7 uH
L_S= 81 * 4.7 uH
L_S = 380 uH
OUTPUT CAPACITOR VALUE
FOR A CAPACITOR VOLTAGE CURRENT BASIC RELATION IS
I = C * dV / dt  
 dV  is output ripple voltage. Assume that output ripple voltage is about 0.01% of output voltage
dV = 0.01% * 72V
dV =   0.0072 V
C = I * dt / dV  
We have dt = duty ratio/frequency
C = I * D /  (F * dV )
C = 0.833A* 0.5/ (100000 Hz* 0.0072 V)
C = 578 uF = 470uF (Standard value)
Hardware
 



WAVE FORMS


s2-s1 gate signals


output (attenuation of 10 used)

Vds2


PROGRAM (OPEN LOOP)
//Micro controller -dspic30f2010
//compiler -mikroc
//i have used crystal of 20 MHz
//output at 50KHz
// //duty_50% = (clock_frequency/ (output_frequency*4 *1)) -1 =99
//DEAD TIME =   duty_50%/2  =45
void main()
{
unsigned int pwm_period, current_duty ;
current_duty=99;                   //duty ratio 50% =99
pwm_period = PWM1_MC_Init(50000, 0, 0x11, 0);      //enable 1L AND 1H pwm pins
PWM1_MC_Set_Duty (current_duty, 1) ;
PWM1_MC_Start();
DTCON1=10;     //DEAD TIME CONTROL   maximum 79
while (1);
}
PROGRAM (CLOSED  LOOP)
//used crystal of 20 MHz
//output at 50KHz
// //duty_50% = (clock_frequency/ (output_frequency*4 *1)) -1 =99
//DEAD TIME =   duty_50%/2  =45
//feed back by 100k and 2.2k
//adc value —295 for 67V
//char g[5];
//void adctoascii (void);        //declare globally
int feedbackvoltage;
void main()
{
unsigned int pwm_period, current_duty ;
current_duty=99;                   //duty ratio 50% =99
pwm_period = PWM1_MC_Init(50000, 0, 0x11, 0);      //enable 1L AND 1H pwm pins
PWM1_MC_Set_Duty (current_duty, 1) ;
PWM1_MC_Start();
DTCON1=10;     //DEAD TIME CONTROL   maximum 79
//UART1_Init(9600);               // Initialize UART module at 9600 bps
//Delay_ms(100);                  // Wait for UART module to stabilize
//UART_Write_Text(“Start”);
  //UART_Write(0xd);
  TRISB.F0 = 1;
while (1)
{
feedbackvoltage = ADC1_Read(0)*67/295; Delay_ms(10);
//adctoascii ();UART_Write_Text(g);UART_Write(0xd);
//Delay_ms(100);
if(feedbackvoltage>70)
{
current_duty=current_duty-1;
  if(current_duty<1)current_duty=0;
PWM1_MC_Set_Duty (current_duty, 1) ;
}
else if (feedbackvoltage<69 )
{
current_duty=current_duty+1;
  if(current_duty>160)current_duty=160;
 PWM1_MC_Set_Duty (current_duty, 1) ;
}
}
}